Lighting

Definition of available lighting: Often natural light, light that is readily available, free and has not been created for the sake of filming.
Definition of artificial lighting: Light produced by electricity instead of a natural source, has been created for the sake of filming.
Definition of key lighting: The main light which lights up the subject being filmed.
Definition of fill lighting: Fill lighting is used to lighten shadows and to control the contrast and lighting ratios.
Definition of back lighting: Lighting that separates the subject from the background. The back light is placed behind the subject and lights it from behind. Instead of providing direct lighting, its purpose is to provide definition and subtle highlights around the subject's outlines.
Definition of set lighting: Lighting for the set.
Definition of practical lighting: A prop light that can be used by the actors and is visible in the shot. Can be used to control brightness or colour.

Example of available lighting: The available lighting is used to give the impression of being outside here and this is the impression that the audience gets.

Example of artificial lighting: Artficial lighting is used here for special effects reasons, to give of an unearthly glow and this looks good to the audience.

Example of key lighting:
Key lighting helps create mood for the scene, the audience picks up on this mood and it affects them.
Example of fill lighting: Fill lighting is used here to create contrasts and to make some things stand out, here it creates a stunning effect that the audience can not help but notice and appreciate.
Example of back lighting: Back lighting is used to separate the character from the background so that the audience can see them.
Example of set lighting:

The set must be lit so that it can be seen by the audience.
Example of practical lighting:

Practical lighting is a more natural looking way of lighting the set and makes it seem more real to the audience.